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Process Guide

How the Financial Ombudsman Service Works


What is the Financial Ombudsman Service (FOS)?

The FOS is a free, independent service that resolves disputes between consumers and financial businesses. It covers banks, insurers, credit providers, investment firms, and other FCA-regulated businesses.

Who Can Complain?

You can complain to FOS if:

  • The business is FCA-regulated

  • You've already complained to the business directly

  • Either received a final response or 8 weeks have passed without resolution

  • You refer within 6 months of the final response
  • What Can FOS Award?

  • Up to £415,000 for complaints about acts from 1 April 2023 onwards

  • Compensation for distress and inconvenience (typically £100-£500, but can be more)

  • Interest on financial losses

  • Directions to put things right
  • The FOS Process

    1. Eligibility Check


    FOS checks your complaint falls within their jurisdiction and you've given the business a chance to resolve it.

    2. Investigation


    An adjudicator reviews evidence from both sides and makes an initial assessment.

    3. Initial Decision


    The adjudicator issues their view. Either party can accept or request an Ombudsman review.

    4. Final Decision


    If escalated, an Ombudsman makes a binding decision (if you accept it).

    Tips for a Strong FOS Case

  • Be organised - Present facts chronologically with evidence

  • Reference regulations - Cite specific FCA rules the firm broke

  • Quantify losses - Be specific about financial impact

  • Be reasonable - FOS responds well to measured, factual complaints

  • Know the rules - Reference DISP, TCF outcomes, and relevant sourcebooks
  • Timeline

  • Average case: 3-6 months (but can be longer)

  • Complex cases: 12+ months

  • PPI cases: Largely resolved but some ongoing

  • Ready to Take Action?

    EvenStance can generate the letters, track your deadlines, and guide you through every step.